What aspect of government does the Bill of Rights primarily address?

The Bill of Rights primarily addresses limits on government power by outlining specific prohibitions and guarantees regarding individual liberties. It was introduced to ensure that the federal government could not infringe upon the rights of citizens, such as freedom of speech, religion, assembly, and the right to bear arms. This collection of first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution serves as a vital safeguard against potential government overreach, affirming the principle that individual rights should be protected from encroachment by the state.

While the other choices address important aspects of governance, they do not convey the fundamental purpose of the Bill of Rights. Establishment of new branches relates more to the structure of government itself rather than the rights of individuals. Taxation laws deal with fiscal policies and do not encompass the rights promised to citizens. State rights, while a significant topic in U.S. history, is also not the core focus of the Bill of Rights, which primarily concerns federal government limitations.