What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?

The United States Congress is a bicameral legislature, meaning it consists of two separate chambers. These chambers are the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate is composed of two senators from each state, regardless of the state’s population, ensuring equal representation for each state in this chamber. In contrast, the House of Representatives is based on the population of each state, with a total of 435 members who are apportioned among the states according to their populations determined by the census.

This structure reflects the founding fathers' intention to balance the interests of individual states with those of the population as a whole, allowing for a comprehensive legislative process where both local and national interests can be represented. The other choices provided do not accurately depict the two chambers of the U.S. Congress; terms like "Assembly" and references to foreign legislative bodies like "House of Commons" and "House of Lords" indicate a misunderstanding of the unique legislative framework established in the United States.